Kinetic Theory of Gas (Karachi Board, TextBook Board)


This theory is named as kinetic theory because it deals with motion of particles in matter. Due to the motion of the particles in matter, they possess kinetic energy.

Following are the fundamental postulates of kinetic theory of gases:

Ø The gaseous state is the one in which the molecules are widely separated from one another but having negligible volume. The gases are easily to compress due to the large empty space.
Ø The gas molecules are in continuous motion, travelling straight path between collisions, but in random directions. the average distance in between collisions is mean free path.
Ø The molecules collide with one another and with the walls of container, but these are perfectly in elastic (result is no loss of energy).
Ø Gas pressure is the result of collision at gas molecule with the walls of container.
Ø In an ideal gas, there are no attractive or repulsive forces between molecules. Thus, each molecule acts quite independently of the others.
Ø The average kinetic energy of gas molecules depends upon the absolute temperature. At the any given temperature, the molecules of all gases have same average kinetic energy.

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